Nano silver is used in growing and preserving decorative flowers for Tet holidays

Nano silver characteristics

Research in the nanotechnology field is highly prioritized and covers disciplines such as chemistry, physics, biology, materials engineering, agriculture, and more.

Nanotechnology consists of a set of techniques and methods for creating structures with particle sizes ranging from 1 nm to 100 nm [1,2]. In recent years, we can observe a lot in metal nanoparticles, both because of their unlimited applicability, as well as the unusual biological, chemical and physical properties of metal nanoparticles. they.

Silver is one of the earliest discovered precious metals and its specialty

The quality was known in 4000 BC [4]. Silver’s bactericidal function is known since ancient times. Its medicinal properties have been described by Hippocrates (in the fourth century BC) [5,6]. Silver ions have long found their uses in medicine and medicine, veterinary medicine and the food industry, and are used as protection against

bacteria, fungi and viruses that cause disease [6,7]. Due to the fragmented particles in nanoscale, silver possesses new properties that differ significantly from its macroscopic structure and structure of the same chemical compound [8]. It is a consequence of the presence of a large number of atoms located on the surface of the particle, having an exposure to the outside environment [9]. Silver nanoparticles are characterized by large

surface area relative to the micrometer form, has a significant effect on the absorption of bactericidal properties and activity against bacteria [10]. Besides silver’s specific surface nanoparticles are also characterized by large surface atomic fractions and having unique physical and chemical properties.

Mechanism of action of nano silver

Nanoparticles are characterized by much higher biochemical activity than macroscopic structures and therefore affect more effectively on bacteria or fungi [5,6,12]. Silver’s nanoparticles have a specific ability to oxidize the substances that surround it. A silver nanoparticle is characterized by a high electrical charge and its shell does not have two electrons, which attracts pathogenic microorganisms. By intercepting the missing electrons, the silver nanoparticles injure and then destroy the pathogen. This mechanism gives the nanoparticles a strong bactericidal and fungicidal ability and has certain antiviral properties. The mechanism of the nano-effects on fungi and viruses is similar to the effect on bacterial cells. Silver nano disrupts the water balance of the fungus and affects the catalytic breakdown of the lipid-protein layers of the virus [4]. It has been shown that the bactericidal activity of the nanoparticles is dependent on the size and shape of the flea colonies, however, it is important to emphasize that the mechanism of microbial inactivation has not yet been achieved. correctly explained so far [13,14].

The effectiveness of nano silver in cultivation

This review collects information on nano silver provided by recent research, especially when used in horticulture. The application of nano silver increases plant height [15,16,18], number of leaves [16], root weight [19,20], plant biomass [15,16,25,38], sprout seeds [19,20,25,28,36,37], seed yield [15,16], fruit quality [18], stem length [22,30], canopy area diameter [21] , root length [19,20, 22,24,25,27,30,32,35-37], growth and development of explants under in vitro culture conditions [31] and number of platelets [30]. The appropriate addition of silver nanoparticles increased chlorophyll content [27], carotenoid [22], flavonoid [31], photosynthetic quantum efficiency [27], enzyme activity, parahydroxy benzoic acid content. [17], α-terpinyl acetate [21], as well as the antioxidant enzyme activity [29]. Experimental results on the use of silver nanoparticles in plants are summarized in Table 1.

As demonstrated in many studies [39-41,43,44,46-59], nano-silver can be an effective agent to prolong the post-harvest life of cut flowers. The positive effects of nano-silver on the shelf life of day-expressed cut flowers have been reported for colloid [39], alstroemeria [40], aspidistria [41], carnation [42.43], and chrysanthemum [ 44-46], freesia [47], gerbera [48-50], gladiolus [51], oriental lily [52,53], rose [54-58], lily [59 , 60] and tulips [62]. The study results showed that nano-silver had a positive effect on flower fresh weight [39,41,49,52-54,59,61], stem diameter [59], survival rate and succulence of cut flowers [45], absorption solution [39,41,48,50,51-56,58,59], water balance [58], chlorophyll content [40,60,61], stomatal conductivity [55], open flower cluster [44.47], greenness index [41.46] and electrolyte leakage [60]. Documented data provide evidence that nano silver is very effective in inhibiting the growth of water microbiota [42,45,48,50-53,55], ethylene production [57], as well as bacterial population [42]. The experimental results on the use of silver nanoparticles in cut flowers and greens are summarized in Table 2.

Table 2. Effects of nano-silver on cut flowers and semi-flowering plants.

Conclusion

Our review shows that nano silver can be used in horticulture practice as a potential plant growth regulator. The effectiveness of nano-silver depends on the plant species, concentration, method of use, as well as the growing conditions and development stage. Therefore, we conclude that further research on the controversial or controversial issues and to focus on the unresolved issues associated with the use of nano-silver in plants is necessary.