Nanotechnology provides new agrochemical agents and new delivery mechanisms to improve crop yields, and it promises to reduce pesticide applications. Nanosilver have received considerable interest as a pesticide for agricultural applications over the past few years. This is quite relevant as more and more pests exhibit resistance to chemical pesticides.
Nanosilver will be an effective ingredient in pesticides that will become a reality if the community has the tools to understand the nature of these nanoparticles. Through this article, nanoCMM would like to introduce some unique applications of nano silver in agriculture:
The silver AgNPs nanoparticles exhibit strong antifungal activity against Bipolaris sorokiniana (Patient in common culture and spot spots on barley and wheat). Interestingly, AgNPs 2, 4 and 10 ppm completely inhibited spore germination, while in the absence of AgNP, spore germination was 100%.
An isolated leaf biology assay showed prominent germination of spores on wheat leaves infected with B. sorokiniana alone, while germination of the spores was completely inhibited when the leaves were processed. in nano silver. The results were further corroborated under greenhouse conditions where the application of AgNPs significantly reduced B. sorokinianan infection in wheat plants. The study shows the effective application of AgNPs in the management of plant diseases, demonstrating the interesting ability of the important nano fungicide in agriculture.
Sandhya Mishra, Braj Raj Singh, Akanksha Singh, Chetan Keswani, Alim H. Naqvi, H. B. Singh.
Another study conducted using nano silver synthesized from cassava starch to inhibit the fungus Macrophoma theicola – a fungus that causes disease on citrus in particular and citrus in general. On PDA, spore germination and colon growth began to be inhibited at a concentration of 10 ppm and completely inhibited from 30 ppm under in vitro conditions. Under in vivo conditions, with 2 sprays of the product at a concentration of 10 to 90 ppm, silver nanoparticles have the effect of increasing disease resistance from 24.4% to 100%.
Antifungal ability of silver nanoparticles – TBS against Macrophoma theicola in post-harvest mandarin fruit (Citrus deliciosa T.) University of Agriculture and Forestry, Hue University, 102 Phung Hung St., Hue, Vietnam
Used in combination with other substances to create effective fungicides and bacteria in agriculture. A typical example is silica-silver nano in controlling pathogenic microorganisms in plants. Silica-silver nano-silver is composed of nano-silver combined with water-soluble polymers and silica molecules, prepared by exposing solutions of silver salts, silicates, and water-soluble polymers to radioactive rays.
Silica-silver nanoparticles showed antifungal activity against plant fungi were tested at 3.0 ppm with varying degrees. In contrast, some beneficial bacteria or plant pathogens are not significantly affected at 10 ppm but are completely inhibited by 100 ppm nano silicasilver.
Among the plant pathogenic fungi tested, the new product effectively controlled pumpkin white powder at 0.3 ppm in both field and greenhouse trials. The pathogens disappeared from infected leaves 3 days after spraying and the plant remained healthy after. Our results show that the products developed in this study are effective in controlling various plant fungal diseases.
Park Hae-Jun (Bio-Dreams Co. Ltd., BVC 204 KRIBB) ; Kim Sung-Ho (Bio-Dreams Co. Ltd., BVC 204 KRIBB) ; Kim Hwa-Jung (Bio-Dreams Co. Ltd., BVC 204 KRIBB) ; Choi Seong-Ho, (Department of Chemistry, Hannam University).
2. Increase seed germination rate
Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are now used to enhance seed germination, plant growth, and photosynthetic quantum performance and as antimicrobial agents to control plant diseases. In this study, we examined the effect of AgNP dosage on seed germination of three plant species: maize (Zea mays L.), watermelon (Citrullus lanatus [Thunb.] Matsum. & Nakai) and zucchini (Cucurbita pepo L.).
This experiment was designed to study the effect of AgNPs on germination rate, germination rate, mean germination time, root length and seedling fresh and dry weight for the three species. 7 concentrations (0.05, 0.1, 0.5, 1, 1.5, 2 and 2.5 mg / ml) of AgNPs were examined at the seed germination stage. The three species had different dose responses with AgNPs in terms of germination parameters and measured growth traits.
The germination rates of the three plants were enhanced in response to AgNPs. A significant improvement in germination percentage values was observed after the treatment of watermelon and zucchini plants with AgNPs compared with the untreated seeds. AgNPs have been shown to have a toxic effect on corn root elongation, while growth of watermelon and zucchini seedlings is positively affected by certain concentrations of AgNPs.
3. Using nanosilver as a growth stimulant in fertilizers
Also in the above study, when treated with nanosilver at concentrations from 0.05 ppm – 2.5 ppm, fresh weight increased in three plants of watermelon, pumpkin and zucchini, recording the highest levels at 2 ppm nanosilver. . This shows that silver nanoparticles have the ability to stimulate growth for some plants.
4. Agricultural product preservation packaging
Plastic pellets for packaging production are mixed with nanosilver to create antibacterial plastic particles. Packaging made from antibacterial plastic particles can help increase the shelf-life of fresh produce and processed agricultural products thanks to the mechanism by which silver nanoparticles are released from the pores on the packaging.
5. Soaking agricultural products in nano silver helps to prolong storage time
One test was carried out on oranges: When the oranges were immersed in a silver NPs solution, the shelf life of the fruit was increased for a longer period, e.g. with 10 ppm about 2 grass compared to the control and with 50 ppm of silver NPs solution 2 months longer than control.
