Povidone Iodine 10% is used as a disinfectant for barns, livestock supplies and water disinfectants in aquaculture. Most Povidone Iodine is imported. Due to the impact of the Covid 19 epidemic, the shortage of containers, the increase in the cost of energy and fuel caused the rise in chemical prices and the shortage of goods in the country. Nano silver is known as a safe, odorless, non-toxic, safe disinfectant that does not affect the health of pets and people. Silver nano is a viable alternative to existing disinfectants. NANOCMM would like to list some advantages and disadvantages of Povidone Iodine and Nano Silver for everyone to refer to.
STT | HẠNG MỤC | POVIDONE-IODINE 10% | NANO SILVER 1000 PPM |
1 | Cost | * Reference price from trading company + Time before translation: 200,000 -300,000 VND (Quantity tons / order) -> import price 100,000 – 150,000 VND + Current time 400,000 – 500,000 VND (quantity tons / order) -> import price 200,000 – 250,000 VND) | * Input material price 1000 ppm 140,000 -160,000 VND/L
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2 | MIC MBC LD50 | MIC 250 PPM MBC 500 PPM LD50: 8000 mg/kg | MIC 3.15 ppm MBC 6.25 ppm LD50: 5000 mg/kg |
3 | Actual dosage | 1L povidone iodine 10% dilute 150-250L of water to spray disinfection | 1L nano silver 1000 ppm mixed 250-500L of water for disinfection spray |
4 | Effective bactericidal | Dosage of 250 ppm (0.025%) of bacteria in 1 minute reached 99% at bacteria density of 105 CFU/ml | Sterilization time of 10 ppm in 1 minute reached 93.5% in number of bacteria 106 CFU/ml (Tested at Pasteur) |
5 | Advantages | Safe thanks to its slow release of iodine Kill broad spectrum bacteria, fungi, bacteria | Silver nano is a safe antibacterial agent Kill broad spectrum bacteria, fungi, bacteria The protection time of nano silver is> 48 hours |
6 | Defect | The most difficult disadvantage to overcome is that the effect does not last long because the iodine released in contact with light may decompose and lose color. This reduces the effectiveness of the antiseptic | Silver nano is a less durable product that tends to return to a micro state, reducing the bactericidal effect. Therefore there are requirements for nano silver quality as well as the use of diluted water to be pure |
7 | Reference source | https://academic.oup.com/jac/article/65/8/1712/743725 | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4138668/ |
MIC: Minimum Inhibitory Concentration
Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) is defined as the lowest concentration of an ingredient or antimicrobial agent that has a bacteriostatic effect (prevents visible growth of bacteria). MIC is used to evaluate the antimicrobial efficacy of various compounds by measuring the effect of reducing antibiotic / disinfectant concentrations over a defined time in terms of inhibition of population growth. microorganism. These evaluations can be quite useful during the R&D phase of a product to determine the appropriate concentration required in the final product, since the concentration of the drug required to produce an effect is usually less than a few hundred. up to thousands of times the concentration found in the finished product dosage form.
Different concentrations of compounds are inoculated into cultured bacteria, and results are measured using either an agar dilution or a medium (macro or micro) dilution to determine the established MIC endpoint. at what level. Susceptibility testing is usually performed using organisms that contribute to the infectious process assuring antimicrobial chemotherapy. One commonly used bacterium is the pathogen ESKAPE (Enterococcus faecium, Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Acinetobacter baumannii, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Enterobacter genus). ESKAPE pathogens are considered the leading cause of nosocomial (hospital-related) infections and are known to be resistant to antimicrobial products. Other organisms such as aerobic or anaerobic bacteria, yeasts or mycelium, alone or in combination, may also be used. The FDA’s Final Provisions Monograph (TFM- section 333.470, page 31444) also provides guidance on the organisms used to determine the efficacy of products such as hand sanitizers and hand sanitizers. for medical personnel, skin preparations for the patient before surgery and scrubs for surgical hands.
MBC: Minimum Bactericidal Concentration
Minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) is the lowest concentration of an antimicrobial agent needed to kill bacteria for a fixed, somewhat extended period of time, such as 18 hours or 24 hours, for some specific conditions. It can be determined from medium dilution of MIC tests by incubating the substrate in agar plates containing no reagents. MBC is determined by determining the lowest concentration of an antimicrobial agent that reduces the initial microbial viability by a predetermined reduction such as ≥99.9%. MBC complements the MIC; while the MIC test showed the lowest antimicrobial level capable of inhibiting growth, MBC showed the lowest antibacterial level leading to microbial death. In other words, if the MIC shows inhibition, plating bacteria onto the agar may still lead to multiplication of the organism since the antimicrobial agent is not lethal. Antimicrobial agents are generally considered bactericidal if the MBC does not exceed four times the MIC.
The MBC test can be a good and relatively inexpensive tool to simultaneously evaluate multiple antimicrobials for potency. The MBC test can be used to evaluate formulation problems in which the manufacturer suspects that the active ingredient is being “bound” by other ingredients. The theory is that MBC would be inferior to a formulation where part of its active ingredient is chemically combined with other ingredients, thus not capable of destroying microorganisms in the suspension. Antimicrobial agents are generally considered bactericidal if the MBC does not exceed four times the MIC. The MBC test can be a good and relatively inexpensive tool to simultaneously evaluate multiple antimicrobials for potency. The MBC test can be used to evaluate formulation problems in which the manufacturer suspects that the active ingredient is being “bound” by other ingredients. The theory is that MBC would be inferior to a formulation where part of its active ingredient is chemically combined with other ingredients, thus not capable of destroying microorganisms in the suspension. Antimicrobial agents are generally considered bactericidal if the MBC does not exceed four times the MIC.
The MBC test can be a good and relatively inexpensive tool to simultaneously evaluate multiple antimicrobials for potency. The MBC test can be used to evaluate formulation problems in which the manufacturer suspects that the active ingredient is being “bound” by other ingredients. The theory is that MBC would be inferior to a formulation where part of its active ingredient is chemically combined with other ingredients, thus not capable of destroying microorganisms in the suspension. The MBC test can be used to evaluate formulation problems in which the manufacturer suspects that the active ingredient is being “bound” by other ingredients. The theory is that the MBC would be inferior to a formulation where part of its active substance is chemically combined with other ingredients, thus not capable of destroying microorganisms in the suspension. The MBC test can be used to evaluate formulation problems in which the manufacturer suspects that the active ingredient is being “bound” by other ingredients. The theory is that the MBC would be inferior to a formulation where part of its active substance is chemically combined with other ingredients, thus not capable of destroying microorganisms in the suspension.
LD50
LD stands for “Lethal Dose”. LD 50 is the dose of the chemical exposed at the same time, causing death in 50% (half) of a group of animals tested. LD 50 is a measure of the short-term toxicity (acute toxicity) potential of a chemical.
The poison can be tested on a variety of animals, but most often it is done with mice. It is usually expressed as 1 chemical dose (eg, milligrams) / exposure per 100 grams (for smaller animals) or per kilogram (for larger test subjects) of body weight of test animals. LD 50 can be considered as a single management method based on any route of exposure, but percutaneous (applied to the skin) and oral (oral) exposure are the most common.
